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28.35 759.68 538.58 -17.01 re f q 0.000 g BT 31.19 747.58 Td (Chapter 1 : A RUNAWAY REEF) Tj ET Q
BT /F2 12.00 Tf ET
0.002 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 720.65 Td (The year 1866 was marked by a bizarre development, an unexplained and downright inexplicable phenomenon) Tj ET Q
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 678.13 Td (Traders, shipowners, captains of vessels, skippers, and master mariners from Europe and America, naval) Tj ET Q
0.314 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 663.96 Td (officers from every country, and at their heels the various national governments on these two continents, were) Tj ET Q
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3.660 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 635.61 Td (In essence, over a period of time several ships had encountered "an enormous thing" at sea, a long) Tj ET Q
2.306 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 621.44 Td (spindle-shaped object, sometimes giving off a phosphorescent glow, infinitely bigger and faster than any) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
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0.589 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 593.09 Td (The relevant data on this apparition, as recorded in various logbooks, agreed pretty closely as to the structure) Tj ET Q
0.125 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 578.92 Td (of the object or creature in question, its unprecedented speed of movement, its startling locomotive power, and) Tj ET Q
1.556 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 564.74 Td (the unique vitality with which it seemed to be gifted. If it was a cetacean, it exceeded in bulk any whale) Tj ET Q
1.192 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 550.57 Td (previously classified by science. No naturalist, neither Cuvier nor Lacépède, neither Professor Dumeril nor) Tj ET Q
1.159 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 536.40 Td (Professor de Quatrefages, would have accepted the existence of such a monster sight unseen -- specifically,) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
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1.520 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 508.05 Td (Striking an average of observations taken at different times -- rejecting those timid estimates that gave the) Tj ET Q
2.544 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 493.88 Td (object a length of 200 feet, and ignoring those exaggerated views that saw it as a mile wide and three) Tj ET Q
1.356 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 479.70 Td (long--you could still assert that this phenomenal creature greatly exceeded the dimensions of anything then) Tj ET Q
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0.232 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 451.36 Td (Now then, it did exist, this was an undeniable fact; and since the human mind dotes on objects of wonder, you) Tj ET Q
0.292 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 437.18 Td (can understand the worldwide excitement caused by this unearthly apparition. As for relegating it to the realm) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 423.01 Td (of fiction, that charge had to be dropped.) Tj ET Q
3.687 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 408.84 Td (In essence, on July 20, 1866, the steamer Governor Higginson, from the Calcutta & Burnach Steam) Tj ET Q
0.332 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 394.66 Td (Navigation Co., encountered this moving mass five miles off the eastern shores of Australia. Captain Baker at) Tj ET Q
0.413 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 380.49 Td (first thought he was in the presence of an unknown reef; he was even about to fix its exact position when two) Tj ET Q
0.593 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 366.32 Td (waterspouts shot out of this inexplicable object and sprang hissing into the air some 150 feet. So, unless this) Tj ET Q
0.177 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 352.14 Td (reef was subject to the intermittent eruptions of a geyser, the Governor Higginson had fair and honest dealings) Tj ET Q
0.662 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 337.97 Td (with some aquatic mammal, until then unknown, that could spurt from its blowholes waterspouts mixed with) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 323.80 Td (air and steam.) Tj ET Q
2.548 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 309.63 Td (Similar events were likewise observed in Pacific seas, on July 23 of the same year, by the Christopher) Tj ET Q
1.355 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 295.45 Td (Columbus from the West India & Pacific Steam Navigation Co. Consequently, this extraordinary cetacean) Tj ET Q
0.567 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 281.28 Td (could transfer itself from one locality to another with startling swiftness, since within an interval of just three) Tj ET Q
1.163 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 267.11 Td (days, the Governor Higginson and the Christopher Columbus had observed it at two positions on the charts) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 252.93 Td (separated by a distance of more than 700 nautical leagues.) Tj ET Q
1.734 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 238.76 Td (Fifteen days later and 2,000 leagues farther, the Helvetia from the Compagnie Nationale and the Shannon) Tj ET Q
0.050 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 224.59 Td (from the Royal Mail line, running on opposite tacks in that part of the Atlantic lying between the United States) Tj ET Q
0.167 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 210.41 Td (and Europe, respectively signaled each other that the monster had been sighted in latitude 42 degrees 15' north) Tj ET Q
0.551 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 196.24 Td (and longitude 60 degrees 35' west of the meridian of Greenwich. From their simultaneous observations, they) Tj ET Q
0.341 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 182.07 Td (were able to estimate the mammal's minimum length at more than 350 English feet; this was because both the) Tj ET Q
0.146 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 167.89 Td (Shannon and the Helvetia were of smaller dimensions, although each measured 100 meters stem to stern. Now) Tj ET Q
0.377 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 153.72 Td (then, the biggest whales, those rorqual whales that frequent the waterways of the Aleutian Islands, have never) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 139.55 Td (exceeded a length of 56 meters--if they reach even that.) Tj ET Q
0.293 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 125.37 Td (One after another, reports arrived that would profoundly affect public opinion: new observations taken by the) Tj ET Q
0.893 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 111.20 Td (transatlantic liner Pereire, the Inman line's Etna running afoul of the monster, an official report drawn up by) Tj ET Q
0.051 Tw
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1.236 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 82.85 Td (Fitz-James aboard the Lord Clyde. In lighthearted countries, people joked about this phenomenon, but such) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
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0.060 Tw
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 749.00 Td (In every big city the monster was the latest rage; they sang about it in the coffee houses, they ridiculed it in the) Tj ET Q
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0.742 Tw
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1.315 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 692.30 Td (tentacles could entwine a 500-ton craft and drag it into the ocean depths. They even reprinted reports from) Tj ET Q
0.707 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 678.13 Td (ancient times: the views of Aristotle and Pliny accepting the existence of such monsters, then the Norwegian) Tj ET Q
0.936 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 663.96 Td (stories of Bishop Pontoppidan, the narratives of Paul Egede, and finally the reports of Captain Harrington --) Tj ET Q
0.980 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 649.78 Td (whose good faith is above suspicion--in which he claims he saw, while aboard the Castilian in 1857, one of) Tj ET Q
1.389 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 635.61 Td (those enormous serpents that, until then, had frequented only the seas of France's old extremist newspaper,) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 621.44 Td (The Constitutionalist.) Tj ET Q
BT /F4 12.00 Tf ET
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28.35 759.68 538.58 -17.01 re f q 0.000 g BT 31.19 747.58 Td (Chapter 2 : THE PROS AND CONS) Tj ET Q
BT /F2 12.00 Tf ET
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 720.65 Td (During the period in which these developments were occurring, I had returned from a scientific undertaking) Tj ET Q
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1.687 Tw
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2.020 Tw
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1.649 Tw
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0.516 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 607.26 Td (puzzled me. Finding it impossible to form any views, I drifted from one extreme to the other. Something was) Tj ET Q
1.601 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 593.09 Td (out there, that much was certain, and any doubting Thomas was invited to place his finger on the Scotia's) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 578.92 Td (wound.) Tj ET Q
1.249 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 564.74 Td (When I arrived in New York, the question was at the boiling point. The hypothesis of a drifting islet or an) Tj ET Q
1.561 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 550.57 Td (elusive reef, put forward by people not quite in their right minds, was completely eliminated. And indeed,) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 536.40 Td (unless this reef had an engine in its belly, how could it move about with such prodigious speed?) Tj ET Q
0.779 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 522.22 Td (Also discredited was the idea of a floating hull or some other enormous wreckage, and again because of this) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 508.05 Td (speed of movement.) Tj ET Q
1.114 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 493.88 Td (So only two possible solutions to the question were left, creating two very distinct groups of supporters: on) Tj ET Q
0.914 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 479.70 Td (one side, those favoring a monster of colossal strength; on the other, those favoring an "underwater boat" of) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 465.53 Td (tremendous motor power.) Tj ET Q
3.674 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 451.36 Td (Now then, although the latter hypothesis was completely admissible, it couldn't stand up to inquiries) Tj ET Q
0.227 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 437.18 Td (conducted in both the New World and the Old. That a private individual had such a mechanism at his disposal) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 423.01 Td (was less than probable. Where and when had he built it, and how could he have built it in secret?) Tj ET Q
0.395 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 408.84 Td (Only some government could own such an engine of destruction, and in these disaster-filled times, when men) Tj ET Q
1.331 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 394.66 Td (tax their ingenuity to build increasingly powerful aggressive weapons, it was possible that, unknown to the) Tj ET Q
0.106 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 380.49 Td (rest of the world, some nation could have been testing such a fearsome machine. The Chassepot rifle led to the) Tj ET Q
0.490 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 366.32 Td (torpedo, and the torpedo has led to this underwater battering ram, which in turn will lead to the world putting) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 352.14 Td (its foot down. At least I hope it will.) Tj ET Q
1.078 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 337.97 Td (But this hypothesis of a war machine collapsed in the face of formal denials from the various governments.) Tj ET Q
0.251 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 323.80 Td (Since the public interest was at stake and transoceanic travel was suffering, the sincerity of these governments) Tj ET Q
0.979 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 309.63 Td (could not be doubted. Besides, how could the assembly of this underwater boat have escaped public notice?) Tj ET Q
3.430 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 295.45 Td (Keeping a secret under such circumstances would be difficult enough for an individual, and certainly) Tj ET Q
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0.422 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 267.11 Td (So, after inquiries conducted in England, France, Russia, Prussia, Spain, Italy, America, and even Turkey, the) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 252.93 Td (hypothesis of an underwater Monitor was ultimately rejected.) Tj ET Q
2.481 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 238.76 Td (After I arrived in New York, several people did me the honor of consulting me on the phenomenon in) Tj ET Q
0.569 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 224.59 Td (question. In France I had published a two-volume work, in quarto, entitled The Mysteries of the Great Ocean) Tj ET Q
0.862 Tw
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1.833 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 196.24 Td (field of natural history. My views were in demand. As long as I could deny the reality of the business, I) Tj ET Q
0.058 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 182.07 Td (confined myself to a flat "no comment." But soon, pinned to the wall, I had to explain myself straight out. And) Tj ET Q
1.637 Tw
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0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 153.72 Td (York Herald to formulate his views no matter what.) Tj ET Q
0.697 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 139.55 Td (I complied. Since I could no longer hold my tongue, I let it wag. I discussed the question in its every aspect,) Tj ET Q
0.017 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 125.37 Td (both political and scientific, and this is an excerpt from the well-padded article I published in the issue of April) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 111.20 Td (30.) Tj ET Q
2.226 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 82.85 Td ("Therefore," I wrote, "after examining these different hypotheses one by one, we are forced, every other) Tj ET Q
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 68.68 Td (supposition having been refuted, to accept the existence of an extremely powerful marine animal.) Tj ET Q
0.550 Tw
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BT /F3 8.00 Tf ET
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 749.00 Td ("The deepest parts of the ocean are totally unknown to us. No soundings have been able to reach them. What) Tj ET Q
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q 0.000 g BT 31.19 720.65 Td (beneath the surface of the water? What is the constitution of these animals? It's almost beyond conjecture.) Tj ET Q
3.495 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 706.48 Td ("However, the solution to this problem submitted to me can take the form of a choice between two) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 692.30 Td (alternatives.) Tj ET Q
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 678.13 Td ("Either we know every variety of creature populating our planet, or we do not.) Tj ET Q
1.250 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 663.96 Td ("If we do not know every one of them, if nature still keeps ichthyological secrets from us, nothing is more) Tj ET Q
0.231 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 649.78 Td (admissible than to accept the existence of fish or cetaceans of new species or even new genera, animals with a) Tj ET Q
3.022 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 635.61 Td (basically 'cast-iron' constitution that inhabit strata beyond the reach of our soundings, and which some) Tj ET Q
1.589 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 621.44 Td (development or other, an urge or a whim if you prefer, can bring to the upper level of the ocean for long) Tj ET Q
0 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 607.26 Td (intervals.) Tj ET Q
0.321 Tw
q 0.000 g BT 31.19 593.09 Td ("If, on the other hand, we do know every living species, we must look for the animal in question among those) Tj ET Q
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